Water Resources Ground Water Software

This software and related material (data and documentation) are made available by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to be used in the public interest and the advancement of science. You may, without any fee or cost, use, copy, modify, or distribute this software, and any derivative works thereof, and its supporting documentation, subject to the USGS softwareUser's Rights Notice.

You may obtain other electronic or print versions of USGS reports and documentation that are not included with the software distributions.

Abbreviations for OSs

Computer systems for which software distribution packages have been compiled are shown in parentheses following the software name; abbreviations used are defined as follows:

• DOS - IBM-compatible PC, 386 or higher with math coprocessor
• DG - Data General AViiON DG/UX
• Linux - Red Hat 6.1 for i386
• Mac - Macintosh
• SGI - Silicon Graphics Indigo
• Sun - Sun SPARCstation Solaris
• Win - Microsoft Windows 3.x, 9x, or NT/2000
• online - the application runs directly from its webpage.

Ground Water list

• AIR2D, AIR3D, 1998/04/20
  Simulate the movement of air to or from a single borehole screened in the unsaturated zone. Three dimensional air-flow in a heterogeneous, anisotropic unsaturated zone where air flow is induced through dry wells or trenches, as in vapor-extraction remediation
• AIRSLUG (DOS/DG/SGI/Sun) Version 1.1, 1996/03/12
  A Fortran program to generate type curves to interpret the recovery data from prematurely terminated air-pressurized slug tests
• ANALGWST (DG) Version 1.1, 1996/04/03
  A set of programs that calculate analytical solutions for one-, two-, and three-dimensional solute transport in ground-water systems with uniform flow
• AQTESTSS (Win) Version 1.2, 2004/07/02
  Several spreadsheets for the analysis of aquifer-test and slug-test data
• BAT3 Analyzer (Win) Version 1.0.0.0, 2008/01/31
  Real-Time Data Display and Interpretation Software for the Multifunction Bedrock-Aquifer Transportable Testing Tool (BAT3)
• BIOMOC (DOS/DG/SGI/Sun) Version 1.0, 1999/03/10
  A multispecies solute-transport model with biodegradation
• CFP (Win) Version 1.0, 2008/04/14
  Conduit Flow Process for MODFLOW 2005.
• CONTOUR (DG/SGI/Sun) Version 2.5, 1996/01/24
  A contouring program for gridded data
• DDestimate (Win) Version 1.1
  A spreadsheet application for simulating time series and estimating drawdowns.
• FEQ (DOS/Sun) Version 9.98, 2000/01/07
  Full EQuations Model
• GoPhast (Linux/Win) Version 1.0.9.0, 2007/05/13
  Graphical User Interface for PHAST
• GSFLOW (Linux/Win) Version 1.0.00, 2008/03/05
  Coupled Ground-water and Surface-water FLOW model based on the USGS Precipitation-Runoff Modeling System (PRMS) and Modular Ground-Water Flow Model (MODFLOW-2005)
• GW_Chart Version 1.19.0.0, 2008/09/22
  Graphing application for MODFLOW, MOC3D, MODFLOW2000-GWT, ZONEBUDGET, SUTRA, MT3D, HST3D, UCODE-2005 and OPR-PPR. Also draws Piper diagrams.
• HST3D (Unix/Linux/Win) Version 2.2.13, 2006/05/26
  Three-dimensional flow, heat, and solute transport model
• HYDROTHERM (Linux/Win) Version 3.1.0, 2008/03/01
  Three-dimensional finite-difference model to simulate multiphase ground-water flow and heat transport in the temperature range of 0 to 1,200 degrees Celsius
• HYSEP (DOS/DG/Sun) Version 2.2, 1997/06/10
  Hydrograph Separation Program
• INFIL3.0 (Win) Version 1.0, 2008/06/19
  A grid-based, distributed-parameter watershed model to estimate net infiltration below the root zone
• JUPITER API (Win) Version 1.2.2, 2007/07/25
  The Joint Universal Parameter IdenTification and Evaluation of Reliability Application Programming Interface
• MF2K-GWM and MF2005-GWM Version 1.1 and 1.0.1, 2006/08/30 and 1.0.1 2008/08/11
  MODFLOW-2000 with capability for ground-water management using optimization
• MF2K-GWT (DOS/Unix) Version 1.9.8, 2007/10/22
  Three-dimensional ground-water flow and solute-transport model integrated with MODFLOW-2000
• MF2K-VSF (Win) Version 1.01, 2006/07/05
  Three-Dimentional finite-difference ground-water model (MODFLOW)--2000 version--with variably saturated flow
• MFI (DOS/DG) Version 2.3, 1996/12/06
  Data input program for MODFLOW, MODPATH, and MOC3D
• MMA (Sun/DOS) Version 1.000, 2007/08/20
  A computer code for analysis of multiple models of the same system using the same observations for calibration
• MOC (DOS/DG/Mac/SGI/Sun) Version 3.2.2, 1996/01/22
  Two-dimensional method-of-characteristics ground-water flow and transport model
• MOC3D (DOS/DG/Mac/SGI/Sun) Version 3.52, 2004/01
  3D method-of-characteristics ground-water flow and transport model integrated with MODFLOW-96
• MOCDENSE (DOS/DG/SGI/Sun) Version 3.2, 1995/01
  A two-constituent solute transport model for ground water having variable density
• MODBRNCH (DOS/DG/Sun) Version 3.7, 1997/06/05
  Ground-Water/Surface-Water Coupled Flow Model using USGS MODFLOW and BRANCH Models
• Model Viewer (Win) Version 1.2, 2008/06/25
  Model Viewer is a computer program that displays the results of three-dimensional ground-water models
• MODFE (DG/Sun) Version 1.2, 1998/07/08
  Modular finite-element model for areal and axisymmetric ground-water flow problems
• MODFLOW, MODFLOW-2005 AND RELATED PROGRAMS
  Three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water mode
• MODFLOW-88 (DOS/DG/SGI/Sun) Version 2.6, 1996/09/20
  MODular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water FLOW model--original model, first released in 1988
• MODFLOW-96 (DOS/SGI/Sun) Version 3.3, 2000/05/02
  MODular three-dimensional finite-difference ground-water FLOW model--1996 updated version
• MODOPTIM (Win) Version 1.0, 2005/05/05
  A General Optimization Program for Ground-Water Flow Model Calibration and Ground-Water Management in MODFLOW
• MODPATH (DOS/Sun) Version 3.2, 2000/06/14
  A particle-tracking postprocessing model for MODFLOW-96
• OPR-PPR (Win/DOS) Version 1.00, 2007/08/13
  A Computer Program for Assessing Data Importance to Model Predictions Using Linear Statistics
• PART (Win) Version 1.0, 2007/01
  A computerized method of base-flow-record estimation
• PHAST (Linux/Win) Version 1.4.2-2411, 2007/11/17
  PHAST is a 3-dimensional model for simulating ground-water flow, solute transport, and multicomponent geochemical reactions
• PHREEQC (DOS/Mac/Linux/Sun) Version 2.15
  A Computer Program for Speciation, Batch-Reaction, One-Dimensional Transport, and Inverse Geochemical Calculations.
• PhreeqcI (Win) Version 2.15.0-2697
  Graphical user interface for PHREEQC
• PHRQCGRF (Win) Version 2.2
  A Computer Program for Graphical Interpretation of PHREEQC Geochemical Transport Simulations
• PULSE
  Model-Estimated Ground-Water Recharge and Hydrograph of Ground-Water Discharge to a Stream
• R-UNSAT, 2001/09/25
  Reactive, multispecies transport in a heterogeneous, variably-saturated porous media
• RADMOD (DOS/Sun) Version 1.1, 1996/01/19
  A preprocessor to the program MODFLOW for simulation of axisymmetric problems
• RECESS, 2007/01
  A computer program for analysis of streamflow recession
• RORA, 2007/01
  The recession-curve-displacement method for estimating recharge
• SEAWAT Version 4.0, 2008/03/28
  A computer program for simulation of three-dimensional variable-density ground water flow
• SHARP (DOS/DG/SGI/Sun) Version 1.1, 09/03/2004
  A quasi-three-dimensional, numerical finite-difference model to simulate freshwater and saltwater flow separated by a sharp interface in layered coastal aquifer systems
• STRMDEPL08 Version 1.0, 2008/06/30
  A computer program using analytical solutions to calculate streamflow depletion by a nearby pumping well
• SUTRA and related programs
  2D, 3D, variable-density, variably-saturated flow, solute or energy transport
• SUTRA-MS (DOS) Version 2004.1, 2005/05/09
  A version of SUTRA for simulating heat and multiple-solute transport
• TopoDrive and ParticleFlow (Sun/Win) Version 1.0, 2002/02/13
  Two Computer Models for Simulation and Visualization of Ground-Water Flow and Transport of Fluid Particles in Two Dimensions
• UCODE_2005 (DOS/UNIX) Version 1.013, 2008/08/17
  A computer code for universal inverse modeling.
• Utility PIEs (Win) Version 1.7.11.0, 2008/04/02
  Programs for simplifying the analysis of geographic information in U.S. Geological Survey ground-water models
• VS2DH (Sun/Win) Version 3.2, 2004/10/18
  Model for simulating water flow and energy transport in variably saturated porous media
• VS2DI (Win) Version 1.2, 2004/10/18
  A graphical software package for simluating fluid flow and solute or energy transport in variably saturated porous media
• VS2DT (Sun/Win) Version 3.2, 2004/10/18
  Model for simulating water flow and solute transport in variably saturated porous media
• WTAQ (DG/Win) Version 1.0, 2000/01/07
  A computer program for calculating drawdowns and estimating hydraulic properties for confined and water-table aquifers
• ZONEBUDGET (Win) Version 3.0, 2008/09/19
  Program for computing subregional water budgets for MODFLOW

Obsolete software

• MODFLOWP (DOS/DG/Sun) Version 3.2, 1997/10/09
  Parameter-Estimation Version of the Modular Model (obsolete program--superseded by MODFLOW-2000)

Groundwater modeling, Multimedia

Multimedia

The EPA Center for Exposure Assessment Modeling (CEAM) distributes simulation models and database software. These models were designed to quantify the movement and concentration of contaminants traveling through groundwater, surface water, and food chain media.

Available Products

The following multimedia models were developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in conjunction with other government, academic, and commercial institutions. To find out more about a particular model, click on a hyper-linked model name in the table below. The models listed are available for download and are subject to the CEAM distribution and support policy.

Product Name	Operating System	Key Words	Maintained By
3MRA	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	multimedia, pathway, receptor, exposure, hazardous, waste, risk, assessment, HWIR	CEAM
MINTEQA2	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	aquatic biology, assessment, compliance, metals, NPDES, permits, test/analysis	CEAM
MMSOILS	Win 9x, NT	multimedia, contaminant, fate, transport, exposure, model, risk, hazardous, waste	CEAM
MULTIMED 1.01	Win 9x, NT	assessment, chemistry, discharge, environmental effects, facilities, waste generation, groundwater, hydrology, lakes, risk, rivers, streams, surface water, test/analysis	CEAM
MULTIMED 2.0 Beta	Win 9x, NT	assessment, chemistry, discharge, environmental effects, facilities, waste generation, groundwater, hydrology, lakes, risk, rivers, streams, surface water, test/analysis	CEAM
MULTIMED (Daughter Process)	Win 9x, NT	assessment, chemistry, discharge, environmental effects, facilities, waste generation, ground water, hydrology, lakes, risk, rivers, streams, surface water, test/analysis	CEAM
WHATIF	Win XP(SP2)	watershed, health, fish, habitat, macro-invertebrate, biodiversity, BASS, biomass, biota, aquatic ecosystem, MAHA, CVI, hydraulic, bankfull, flow, restoration, foodweb, mercury, PCB, dioxin	CEAM

Surface Water

The EPA Center for Exposure Assessment Modeling (CEAM) distributes simulation models and database software designed to quantify movement and concentration of contaminants in lakes, streams, estuaries, and marine environments.

Available Products

The following surface water models were developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in conjunction with other government, academic, and commercial institutions. To find out more about a particular model, click on a hyper-linked model name in the table below. The models listed are available for download and are subject to the CEAM distribution and support policy.

Product Name	Operating System	Key Words	Maintained By
EFDC	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	surface water, hydrodynamic, sediment-contaminant, eutrophication, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, estuaries, coastal ocean regions, assessment, management, regulatory	CEAM
EXAMS	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	aquatic biology, assessment, biology, chemistry, compliance, environmental effects, metals, NPS related, permits, pesticides, point source(s), rivers, streams, surface water, test/analysis	CEAM
EXPRESS	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	przm, exams, exposure, shell	CEAM
GCSOLAR	Win 9x, NT	solar, photolysis, half-life, pollutant, aquatic, ozone	CEAM
HSCTM2D	Win 9x, NT	hydrology, sediment, contaminant, transport, finite element model, river, estuary	CEAM
HSPF	Win 9x, NT	assessment, biology, compliance, deposition, discharge, environmental effects, estuaries, hydrology, lakes, metals, monitoring, NPS related, NPDES, nutrients, permits, pesticides, point source(s), rivers, sediment, streams, surface water, test/analysis, TMDL related, toxicity	CEAM
HSPF Toolkit	Java enabled browser	HSPF, WinHSPF, FTABLE, RCHRES, BMP, assessment, compliance, discharge, environmental effects, hydrology, permits, rivers, sediment, streams, surface water, TMDL related, toxicity	ERD
PRZM3	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	assessment, discharge, environmental effects, hydrology, land use management, metals, pesticides, surface water, test/analysis	CEAM
QUAL2K	Win ME, 2000, XP	aquatic biology, assessment, compliance, discharge, environmental effects, hydrology, NPS related, NPDES, point source(s), surface water, test/analysis, TMDL related	Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Tech Support Center(ERD/EPA Region 4)
RUSLE2	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	rill, interrill, erosion, sediment, overland flow, climate, soil, topography, land use	USDA Agricultural Research Service
SERAFM	MS-Excel 2003	serafm, exposure, assessment, mecury, hg, surface water, pond, stream, river	CEAM
SWMM	Win 98, NT, ME, 2000, XP	aquatic biology, assessment, combined sewer, community, discharge, environmental effects, metals, NPS related, NPDES, point source(s), procedure, rivers, stormwater, streams, surface water, test/analysis, TMDL related	Water Supply & Water Resources Division (NRMRL)
Visual Plumes	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	surface, water, jet, plume, model, quality, contaminant, TMDL	CEAM
WASP	Win 95, 98, ME, 2000, XP	aquatic biology, assessment, compliance, discharge, environmental effects, hydrology, metals, NPS related, NPDES, point source(s), surface water, test/analysis, TMDL related	Watershed & Water Quality Modeling Tech Support Center(ERD/EPA Region 4)
WHATIF	Win XP(SP2)	watershed, health, fish, habitat, macro-invertebrate, biodiversity, BASS, biomass, biota, aquatic ecosystem, MAHA, CVI, hydraulic, bankfull, flow, restoration, foodweb, mercury, PCB, dioxin	CEAM

Food Chain

The EPA Center for Exposure Assessment Modeling (CEAM) distributes simulation models and database software designed to determine exposure levels and effects of environmental contaminants on organisms which make up the food chain.

Available Products

The following food chain models were developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in conjunction with other government, academic, and commercial institutions. To find out more about a particular model, click on a hyper-linked model name in the table below. 

Product Name	Operating System	Key Words	Maintained By
ACE	Win 9x, NT, 2000, XP	acute, chronic, toxicity, concentration, exposure	EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL)
BASS	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	BASS, fish, bioaccumulation, population dynamics, biomass dynamics, rivers, lakes, reservoirs, assessment, fishery, management, regulatory	CEAM
FGETS	Win 9x, NT	aquatic biology, assessment, chemistry, environmental effects, metals, monitoring, NPS related, point source(s), test/analysis, toxicity	CEAM
SERAFM	MS-Excel 2003	serafm, exposure, assessment, mecury, hg, surface water, pond, stream, river	CEAM
Web-ICE	Javascript enabled browser	toxicity, acute, aquatic, terrestrial, species, exposure	EPA National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory (NHEERL)
WHATIF	Win XP(SP2)	watershed, health, fish, habitat, macro-invertebrate, biodiversity, BASS, biomass, biota, aquatic ecosystem, MAHA, CVI, hydraulic, bankfull, flow, restoration, foodweb, mercury, PCB, dioxin	CEAM

Groundwater software

Groundwater

The EPA Center for Exposure Assessment Modeling (CEAM) distributes simulation models and database software designed to quantify the movement and concentration of subsurface contaminants.

Available Products

The following groundwater models were developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in conjunction with other government, academic, and commercial institutions. To find out more about a particular model, click on a hyper-linked model name in the table below. 

Product Name	Operating System	Key Words	Maintained By
3DFEMWATER/3DLEWASTE	N/A	assessment, discharge, drinking water, environmental effects, groundwater, hydrology, metals, monitoring, pesticides, prevention, test/analysis	CEAM
PRZM3	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	assessment, discharge, environmental effects, hydrology, land use management, metals, pesticides, surface water, test/analysis	CEAM
WhAEM2000	Win 98, NT, 2000, XP	assessment, discharge, environmental effects, groundwater, hydrology, model, process, risk, test/analysis, waste management	CEAM

MOBILE6 Presentation

MOBILE6 Presentation, March 26, 2001, Coordinating Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop, San Diego (PDF)

Description and History of the MOBILE Highway Vehicle Emission Factor Model

MOBILE is an EPA model for estimating pollution from highway vehicles.  MOBILE calculates emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), oxides of nitrogen (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) from passenger cars, motorcycles, light- and heavy-duty trucks. (Additional pollutants are now being added.)  MOBILE is based on emissions testing of tens of thousands of vehicles. The model accounts for the emission impacts of factors such as changes in vehicle emission standards, changes in vehicle populations and activity, and variation in local conditions such as temperature, humidity and fuel quality.         MOBILE results are used to calculate current and future inventories of these emissions at the national and local level.  These inventories are used to make decisions about air pollution policy and programs at the local, state and national level.  Inventories based on MOBILE are also used to meet the federal Clean Air Act's state implementation plan (SIP) and transportation conformity requirements, and are sometimes used to meet requirements of the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA).        The MOBILE model was first developed as MOBILE1 in the late 1970s, and has been updated periodically to reflect improved data, changes in vehicle, engine, and emission control system technologies, changes in applicable regulations and emission standards and test procedures, and improved understanding of in-use emission levels and the factors that influence them.       MOBILE estimates emissions of both exhaust and evaporative emissions.  The output from the model is in the form of emission factors expressed as grams of pollutant per vehicle per hour (g/hr), or per vehicle mile traveled (g/mi).  Thus, emission factors from MOBILE can be combined with estimates of total vehicle miles traveled (VMT) to develop highway vehicle emission inventories (in terms of tons per day, per month, per season, per year).  The change in emission factors for a given vehicle category over time are a reflection of the impacts of fleet turnover. (Over time, older vehicles built to less stringent emission standards are replaced in the fleet by newer vehicles built in compliance with more stringent standards.)        Each generation of the MOBILE model has become more sophisticated in its approach to modeling average in-use emissions and has provided the user with additional options for tailoring emission factor estimates to specific times and geographic locations.  A brief history of the MOBILE model versions follows.  The current official release, MOBILE6, was released for use in January 2002.    For more information about MOBILE, or to download the MOBILE6 model, see the EPA's MOBILE6 web page:  www.epa.gov/otaq/m6.htm     Brief History of the MOBILE Highway Vehicle Emission Factor Model  MOBILE1 (1978) The first model for highway vehicle emission factors.   Previously, all factors were tabulated in "look-up tables" published as part of AP-42 "Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors, Volume II: Mobile Sources."  Modeled exhaust emission rates as functions of age and mileage.  MOBILE2 (1981) Updated with new data on emission-controlled vehicles (i.e., catalytic converters, model years 1975 and later) at higher ages/mileages.  Provided additional user control of input options.  MOBILE3 (1984) Updated with new in-use data.  Eliminated California vehicle emission rates. Continued to model low- and high-altitude emissions.  Added tampering rates and associated emissions impacts and anti-tampering program benefits.  Adjusted non-exhaust emissions to account for "real world" fuel volatility as measured by Reid vapor pressure (RVP).  MOBILE4 (1989) Updated with new in-use data.  Added evaporative running losses as a distinct emission source for gasoline powered vehicles.   Modeled fuel volatility (RVP) effects on exhaust emission rates. Expanded user-controlled options for input data.  MOBILE4.1 (1991) Updated with new in-use data.  Added  features allowing user control of more parameters affecting in-use emission levels, including more inspection/maintenance (I/M) program designs. Added the effects of various new emission standards and related regulatory changes (e.g., test procedures).  Included the impact of oxygenated fuels (e.g., gasohol) on CO emissions.  MOBILE5 and MOBILE5a (1993) Updated with new in-use data.  Based new basic emission rate equations on much larger database derived from State-implemented IM240 test programs.  Included effects of new evaporative emission test procedure.  Added effects of reformulated gasoline (RFG).  Added the impact of oxygenated fuels on HC emissions.   Added effect of light duty Tier 1 emission standards and new NOx standard of 4.0 g/bhp-hr for heavy-duty engines.  Added  July 1 evaluation option. Allowed modeling of low-emitting vehicle (LEV) programs patterned after California regulations.  Revised  speed corrections.  MOBILE5a was issued about 4 months after MOBILE5 to correct a number of minor errors detected under certain specific conditions.  MOBILE5b (1996) Updated to reflect impacts of new regulations promulgated since release of MOBILE5 and MOBILE5a, including: onboard refueling vapor recovery systems, detergent gasoline additives, and Phase II reformulated gasoline (RFG) requirements.  Reactivated calculation of idle emission factors and expanded calendar year range for which emission factors can be calculated from 2020 to 2050.   Increased flexibility of modeling of inspection/maintenance (I/M) programs, providing easier modeling of retest-based hybrid I/M programs, evaporative emission system pressure and purge tests, technician training and certification (TTC) credits, and acceleration simulation mode (ASM) tests (ASM1 and ASM2).  Corrected phase-in of emission benefits for first cycle of I/M program operation.  MOBILE6.0 (2002) Updated with new and improved data in many areas, including in-use deterioration of 1981-and- newer vehicles, light duty speed effects, gasoline sulfur effects, and evaporative emissions.  RevisedI/M benefit algorithm.  Removed calculation of purge test benefit.  Revised algorithms for air conditioning and high acceleration driving.  Added the effects of Tier 2 and new heavy duty engine and diesel fuel rules.  Substantially revised input and output structures, adding "plain English" input commands and database output.   Expanded number of vehicle sub-classes from eight to 28.  Added hourly calculation of emissions and emission estimates by roadway type.  Separated start and running exhaust emissions.  Removed calculation of idle emissions.  Allowed user entry of more detailed vehicle activity information.  MOBILE6.2 (draft 2002, final 2004) Added ability to model emission factors for particulate matter and six air toxics (Benzene, Methyl Tertiary Butyl Ether, 1,3-Butadiene, Formaldehyde, Acetaldehyde, and Acrolein).  Added ability to model additional air toxics with user-supplied emission factors.  Added spreadsheet output option.  Improved carbon monoxide emission factors.